If an infection is responsible, they may offer antiviral agents. According to a systematic review , doctors rarely prescribe antipsychotics because, despite the nature of the syndrome, there is no psychosis in AIWS. There are no formally established criteria for diagnosing AIWS, and the range of potential symptoms is broad.
When diagnosing AIWS, the doctor reviews the symptoms that the person is experiencing in a manner that helps them feel comfortable. A person should seek medical attention if they are experiencing any of the symptoms above, even if episodes are short.
A doctor may find an underlying cause that was not previously clear. Identifying a cause will make it easier to reduce the severity of the symptoms. AIWS can be uncomfortable, but the condition resolves itself without further complications in almost two—thirds of cases. Alice in Wonderland syndrome is a rare disorder that causes disorientation and distorted perception.
It features disruption to the way in which a person perceives their senses and body image, other things around them, or the passing of time. The syndrome mostly affects children, but symptoms can begin at any point in life. The criteria for diagnosis remain unclear, as researchers do not yet understand many aspects of the syndrome. They need to carry out more studies before they can determine whether an effective, direct treatment is possible. A case report with fMRI findings.
Psychopathology ; 44 — Clin Nucl Med ; 38 — Cerebral perfusion in children with Alice in Wonderland syndrome. Pediatr Neurol ; 19 — Clin Nucl Med ; 30 — Functional magnetic resonance imaging of a child with Alice in Wonderland syndrome during an episode of micropsia. Rev Neurol ; 53 — Pediatr Neurol ; 51 — Alice in Wonderland syndrome, a manifestation of acute Epstein-Barr virus infection. Pediatr Infect Dis J ; 6 Behav Neurol ; 4 — Alice in Wonderland syndrome in major depressive disorder.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci ; 22 Todd J. The syndrome of Alice in Wonderland. Can Med Assoc J ; 73 — Charcot JM. Policlinique — Paris: E. Veraguth O. Ueber Mikropsie und Makropsie. Dtsch Z Nervenheilkd ; 24 — Bonnier P.
Rev Neurol ; 13 — Wilson SAK. Dysmetropsia and its pathogenesis. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K ; 36 — Z Gesamte Neurol Psychiatr ; — Gelb A, Goldstein K. Zur Psychologie des optischen Wahrnehmungs- und Erkennungsvorganges. Z Gesamte Neurol Psychiatr ; 41 :1— Seitelberger F. Wien Z Nervenheilkd Grenzgeb ; 4 — Coleman SM. Misidentification and non-recognition. J Ment Sci ; 79 — Lippman CW. Certain hallucinations peculiar to migraine.
J Nerv Ment Dis ; — Podoll K, Robinson D. Lewis Carroll's migraine experiences. Lancet ; Restak RM. Alice in migraineland. Headache ; 46 — Carmichael C. Wonderland revisited. London Miscellany ; 28 — Blom JD. A Dictionary of Hallucinations. New York, NY: Springer; Alice in Wonderland syndrome: somesthetic vs visual perceptual disturbance. Secondly, the fact that we present here the first case report on AIWS in the context of CJD does not necessarily imply that our patient was the first person to ever suffer from a these two rare conditions.
Notably, the Heidenhain variant of CJD can be expected to present more frequently with metamorphopsias. Therefore, our inability to find any prior case descriptions of symptoms of AIWS in the context of CJD may well be due to underreporting rather than to an actual rarity of the combination.
A third and final limitation is that we were unable to obtain autopsy consent, which would have been necessary for making a diagnosis of definite CJD. Alice in Wonderland syndrome AIWS is a rare neurological disorder characterized by distortions of visual perception, the body image, and the experience of time. People may see things smaller than they are, feel their body alter in size or experience any of the syndrome's numerous other symptoms.
Since there are also many known causes of AIWS, diagnosis requires a thorough neurological work-up. In children, the most common cause is brain inflammation; in adults, it is migraine. Accordingly, AIWS is generally considered fairly harmless in nature.
We present here the first case description of an elderly male who suffered from AIWS due to Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease CJD , an extremely rare neurodegenerative disorder. Our patient rapidly developed a state of dementia, and died within 2 months after his visual symptoms had begun. TN contributed to the conception and design of the work, and to the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work, drafted and revised the work, gave final approval for the final version to be published, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
BtM, and SvdW contributed to the conception and design of the work, and to the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work, revised the work, gave final approval for the final version to be published, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. JDB contributed to the conception and design of the work, and to the analysis and interpretation of data for the work, drafted and revised the work, gave final approval for the final version to be published, and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Todd J. The syndrome of Alice in Wonderland.
Can Med Assoc J. PubMed Abstract Google Scholar. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. World Health Organization. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Geneva: World Health Organization Google Scholar. Blom JD. Alice in Wonderland syndrome: a systematic review. Neurol Clin Pract. Abe K, Suzuki T. Prevalence of some symptoms in adolescence and maturity: Social phobias, anxiety symptoms, episodic illusions and idea of reference.
Macropsia, micropsia, and episodic illusions in Japanese adolescents. Visual distortions and dissociation. J Nerv Ment Dis. Alice in Wonderland syndrome: somesthetic vs visual perceptual disturbance. A reflection. Colomb J. Seeing objects smaller than they are: micropsia following right temporo-parietal infarction. Metamorphopsia and other psychovisual disturbances in a patient with tumour of the brain.
For example, if the problem is caused by migraines, the treatment of the migraine itself may be the best way to alleviate Alice in Wonderland Syndrome symptoms. AWS mainly occurs in children and, in most cases, goes away over time. Micropsia in which objects appear smaller than normal Teleopsia in which objects appear further away than they actually are Macropsia in which objects appear larger than normal Metamorphopsia in which straight lines appear wavy, warped, or blank Pelopsia in which objects appear nearer than they actually are Some believe that hallucinations, time loss, and seizures are also part of AWS; however, others argue that these symptoms are instead generated from the original condition that causes AWS.
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome Causes AWS occurs for such a short amount of time, which makes it difficult for doctors to find the cause.
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