Technical subjects — three years. In primary education it is important to give attention to abolishing illiteracy among the population. In our education system there are no examinations and no certificates; it is a system of learning through the collective and in the concrete movement of the socialist revolution and the building of socialism in specific bases, especially in the co-operatives, factories, and military units.
A Radio Broadcasting: organise general listening sessions using loud speakers in all important places and mobile work brigades. Organise many groups to produce many films to show to the people in general. C Art: Step-by step a little is enough in order not to disturb the productive forces raising production. D Newspapers: pictorial magazines, political magazines and general knowledge.
Procedure: Organise these simultaneously from onwards, according to the Plan and its annual program. The Plan does not outline in any detail how the regime intends to implement its objectives regarding education and literacy. For example, important pedagogical matters such as teacher selection and training, and the development of curriculum and materials are not discussed.
Not surprisingly, agricultural production was given priority over education. If people thought about individual benefit, they would be unwilling to submit to the demands of a Party that offered no material rewards for their work. Build, strengthen and expand the ranks of educational cadres. Some of the initiatives were eventually enacted, especially those that afforded the Party the most control over people. For example, after , primary education was provided on a limited basis when some primary schools opened in villages Figure 2.
However, these schools were only for base i. That is, one should read in an uncritical and passive way, taking things at face value and not questioning the meaning or source of the text. Many base people had received traditional Buddhist educations in a pagoda, or, in the case of women, at home, where they would have been taught through rote learning. This kind of reader would take the rhetoric of the revolution at face value without questioning underlying motives. The most dangerous kind of reader, on the other hand, was the person who critically examined the Party line and its goals.
According to the logic of the Party Center, these readers were potential traitors who wanted to sabotage the revolution. There were also reasons for the Party to be wary of using written propaganda. It was therefore necessary to assert firm control over printed materials and the way they were received before large scale efforts to produce and disseminate written propaganda could take place.
Nonetheless, newspapers, the media, and the publication of magazines were powerful tools for convincing Cambodians that they were united by a common struggle. The Khmer Rouge, no doubt, had this in mind when they produced their revolutionary propaganda. At least three magazines were published monthly throughout the DK regime for Khmer Rouge cadres.
These publications would have been among the few reading materials acceptable to the Party as it pursued its attempt to redefine Cambodian history and society. The writing and publication of the magazines began well before the Khmer Rouge took power in April For example, Yuvachun Nung Yuvunarie Padewat Boys and Girls of the Revolution published its first issue in January and its last issue in November , about two months prior to the Vietnamese invasion that drove the Khmer Rouge from power.
Tung Padewat Revolutionary Flag was first published in January , about four months before the Khmer Rouge took power. The length of the magazines varies from 29 pages April to pages September and October-November , with most of the issues between 65 and 85 pages. In terms of printing, we know that the Khmer Rouge made use of the printing presses in Phnom Penh.
The type set that was used is the same one used before in Cambodian newspapers and journals, such as those published by the Buddhist Institute.
Prior to taking power in April , the Khmer Rouge handwrote the magazines and probably had them photocopied somewhere. Throughout the period of its publication, the format of Tung Padewat remained consistent. They should start with writing their Facebook posts, comments and chats in English or Khmer.
They can also mix them. However, they should avoid using Latin alphabet to represent Khmer sounds or words. Trying to develop English proficiency through the four macro skills such as listening, reading, speaking and writing is what they should do to improve their language skills that can in turn enhance their career prospects. Developing expertise by using Latin letters when writing Khmer is unlikely to lead them to success on the local or international stage.
The world speaks English and technology, not Romanized Khmer language. Kimkong Heng is a co-founder and co-editor of Cambodian Education Forum. All views expressed are his own.
Photo screenshot from nhenh sarorng YouTube channel. Related Articles. More Popular. November 10, PM. Topics include current events in Cambodia, Cambodian history and politics, and a basic overview of traditional Khmer literature. Much of this study will be accomplished by working on projects in groups with other students. One such project will involve the preparation and performance of a play based on sections of the modern Khmer novel students read in this course.
Students will focus on the same broad topics covered in Intermediate Khmer--religion, traditional culture, and the language of public information news and advertising --but they will learn more advanced vocabulary and grammatical structures necessary for the discussion of these topics with educated native speakers, and read more advanced texts dealing with these topics than the Intermediate students.
Additional material beyond the Intermediate curriculum includes reading and analyzing historical folk tales, learning to discuss the rice-farming cycle, and acquiring the tools to discuss research and "development" work in Cambodia at a sophisticated level. Terms offered: Spring , Spring , Spring Students will read advanced texts dealing with the topics of politics and history. They will also gain exposure to traditional verse texts, and read, discuss, and undertake group projects based on a variety of modern Khmer short stories.
As in the case with Intermediate Khmer, students will also undertake substantial independent study, culminating in a final oral presentation. However, the standard by which both written and oral material will be judged will be much higher for Advanced students. Spoken Khmer There are many dialects of Khmer language. Most of the Khmer people speak Central Khmer.
Central Khmer is what is taught in schools and used in the media. According to a census, the literacy rate in Cambodia was about According to United States Census data, there are over , people of Cambodian descent living in the United States. Whether you are looking to have a document translated from Khmer into English, or if you are looking for an English to Khmer translation, it is important to work with a qualified translator who is a native speaker of the target language.
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